Ugandan Troops Accused of War Crimes in South Sudan: Civil Society Demands ICC Action

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UPDF. 

A South Sudanese campaign group, the Reclaim Campaign, has submitted a formal request to the International Criminal Court (ICC) to investigate alleged atrocities committed by the Uganda People’s Defence Forces (UPDF) during their incursion into Upper Nile State in March 2025.

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‎The group alleges that the UPDF carried out indiscriminate bombings, used chemical weapons, and targeted civilians particularly from the Nuer ethnic group while operating inside South Sudanese territory without the consent of the transitional government. 

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‎According to the campaign, these actions could constitute war crimes, crimes against humanity, and acts of aggression under the Rome Statute.

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‎The Reclaim Campaign's petition also claims that the Ugandan government has shown no willingness to hold its military accountable, making a case for the ICC to intervene. 

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‎The group cited statements by Ugandan officials that allegedly dehumanize South Sudanese citizens and promote ethnic violence.

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‎Importantly, the group argues that Uganda’s military operation lacked any official authorization from South Sudan’s unity government, thereby violating international law and undermining the country’s sovereignty.

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‎The coalition has asked the ICC to:

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‎Open a preliminary investigation under Article 15 of the Rome Statute,

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‎Preserve evidence of the alleged crimes,

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‎Engage with victims and affected communities to ensure justice.

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‎The Ugandan government has not responded publicly to these allegations.